5.4-Exercises (Democratic Rights)
5.4-Exercises (Democratic Rights) Important Formulae
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Grade 9 → Civics → Democratic Rights → 5.4-Exercises (Democratic Rights)
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Solved Example: 5-4-01
1. Which of the following is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right?
a Workers from Bihar go to the Punjab to work on the farms
b Christian missions set up a chain of missionary schools
c Men and women government employees get the same salary
d Parents’ property is inherited by their children
Solution:
Exercise of Fundamental Rights
Among the options given, the statement that is not an instance of an exercise of a fundamental right is: d Parents’ property is inherited by their children. This scenario pertains to personal law and inheritance rights, which are governed by the laws of succession rather than being a direct exercise of fundamental rights. In contrast, the other options involve the right to movement, the right to establish educational institutions, and the principle of equality in remuneration, all of which are directly linked to fundamental rights as enshrined in the Constitution of India.
Solved Example: 5-4-02
2 Which of the following freedoms is not available to an Indian citizen?
a Freedom to criticise the government
b Freedom to participate in armed revolution
c Freedom to start a movement to change the government
d Freedom to oppose the central values of the Constitution
Solution:
Freedoms Available to Indian Citizens
Among the options listed, the freedom that is not available to an Indian citizen is: b Freedom to participate in armed revolution. This is because engaging in armed rebellion against the state is prohibited under Indian law and can lead to serious legal consequences. While citizens do have the freedom to criticize the government, initiate movements for change, and express dissent, these actions must be conducted peacefully and within the framework of the law, respecting the values enshrined in the Constitution.
Solved Example: 5-4-03
3. Which of the following rights is available under the Indian Constitution?
a Right to work
b Right to adequate livelihood
c Right to protect one’s culture
d Right to privacy
Solution:
Rights Under the Indian Constitution
Among the options provided, the right that is explicitly available under the Indian Constitution is: c Right to protect one’s culture. This right is part of Article 29, which safeguards the rights of minorities to conserve their culture, language, and script. While the other rights mentioned, such as the right to work and the right to adequate livelihood, are recognized by the Supreme Court as part of the right to life under Article 21, they are not explicitly listed as fundamental rights. The right to privacy was recognized later through judicial interpretation.
Solved Example: 5-4-04
4 Name the Fundamental Right under which each of the following rights falls:
a Freedom to propagate one’s religion
b Right to life
c Abolition of untouchability
d Ban on bonded labour
Solution:
Fundamental Rights in India
a. Freedom to propagate one’s religion falls under the Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25).
b. Right to life is protected under the Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Article 21).
c. Abolition of untouchability is covered under the Right to Equality (Article 17).
d. Ban on bonded labour is included in the Right to Freedom from Exploitation (Article 23).
Solved Example: 5-4-05
5 Which of these statements about the relationship between democracy and rights is more valid? Give reasons for your preference.
a Every country that is a democracy gives rights to its citizens.
b Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy.
c Giving rights is good, but it is not necessary for a democracy.
Solution:
Democracy and Rights
b. Every country that gives rights to its citizens is a democracy is the more valid statement. A key feature of democracy is the recognition of individual rights. In a true democracy, citizens have the right to participate in decision-making, express their views, and enjoy fundamental freedoms. Rights empower citizens to hold the government accountable and ensure their voices are heard. While some non-democratic regimes may grant certain rights, these are often limited and can be revoked. Therefore, genuine democracies are characterized by a robust framework of rights that protect citizens and promote equality.
Solved Example: 5-4-06
6. Are these restrictions on the right to freedom justified? Give reasons for your answer.
a Indian citizens need permission to visit some border areas of the country for reasons of security.
b Outsiders are not allowed to buy property in some areas to protect the interest of the local population.
c The government bans the publication of a book that can go against the ruling party in the next elections.
Solution:
Are these restrictions on the right to freedom justified?
a. Yes, permission for Indian citizens to visit border areas is justified due to national security concerns. These areas may be sensitive and pose risks to the safety of individuals and the country.
b. Restricting property purchases by outsiders protects the interests of local populations, ensuring that they are not displaced and their culture and resources are preserved.
c. Banning a book that threatens the ruling party can be seen as a measure to maintain political stability, though it raises questions about freedom of expression and the role of dissent in a democracy.
Solved Example: 5-4-07
7 Manoj went to a college to apply for admission into an MBA course. The clerk refused to take his application and said “You, the son of a sweeper, wish to be a manager! Has anyone done this job in your community? Go to the municipality office and apply for a sweeper’s position”. Which of Manoj’s fundamental rights are being violated in this instance? Spell these out in a letter from Manoj to the district collector.
Solution:
Letter to the District Collector
Dear District Collector,
I am Manoj, a student aspiring to pursue an MBA. I faced discrimination when a clerk at the college refused my application, implying that my background as the son of a sweeper disqualifies me from being a manager. This instance violates my fundamental rights, specifically:
1. Right to Equality (Article 14) - I should not be discriminated against based on my social background.
2. Right to Freedom of Expression (Article 19) - I have the right to express my aspirations and seek education.
3. Right to Education (Article 21A) - Education is my right, irrespective of my father's occupation.
Sincerely,
Manoj
Solved Example: 5-4-08
When Madhurima went to the property registration office, the Registrar told her, “You can’t write your name as Madhurima Banerjee d/o A. K. Banerjee. You are married, so you must give your husband’s name. Your husband’s surname is Rao. So your name should be changed to Madhurima Rao.” She did not agree. She said “If my husband’s name has not changed after marriage, why should mine?” In your opinion who is right in this dispute? And why?
Solution:
Debate on Name Change After Marriage
The dispute between Madhurima and the Registrar highlights gender norms in naming conventions. Madhurima argues that if her husband retains his surname, she should be allowed to keep hers as well. This perspective emphasizes gender equality and personal identity. In many societies, women are pressured to adopt their husband's surname, reinforcing traditional roles. Madhurima's stance promotes the idea that marriage should not dictate one's identity or necessitate the change of a name. Her position reflects a growing trend toward individuality and the questioning of outdated customs surrounding marriage and naming practices.
Solved Example: 5-4-09
9 Thousands of tribals and other forest dwellers gathered at Piparia in Hoshangabad district in Madhya Pradesh to protest against their proposed displacement from the Satpura National Park, Bori Wildlife Sanctuary and Panchmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary. They argue that such a displacement is an attack on their livelihood and beliefs. Government claims that their displacement is essential for the development of the area and for protection of wildlife. Write a petition on behalf of the forest dwellers to the NHRC, a response from the government and a report of the NHRC on this matter.
Solution:
Petition by Forest Dwellers
To the National Human Rights Commission,
We, the tribal and forest-dwelling communities of Piparia, urge you to intervene in our proposed displacement from our ancestral lands in the Satpura National Park and surrounding areas. Our livelihoods depend on these forests, which are integral to our culture and beliefs. Displacing us for development disregards our rights and threatens our existence. We seek your support to protect our homes and livelihoods.
Government Response
The government acknowledges the concerns of the forest dwellers but emphasizes that displacement is necessary for the area's development and wildlife conservation. The government aims to balance environmental protection with socio-economic growth.
NHRC Report
The NHRC acknowledges the petition and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic impact on displaced communities. It recommends dialogue between the government and forest dwellers to find a balanced solution.
Solved Example: 5-4-10
10. Draw a web interconnecting different rights discussed in this chapter. For example right to freedom of movement is connected to the freedom of occupation. One reason for this is that freedom of movement enables a person to go to place of work within one’s village or city or to another village, city or state. Similarly this right can be used for pilgrimage, connected with freedom to follow one’s religion. Draw a circle for each right and mark arrows that show connection between or among different rights. For each arrow, give an example that shows the linkage.
Solution:
Interconnected Rights
Right to Freedom of Movement ➔ Example: Allows individuals to travel to workplaces.
Right to Freedom of Occupation ➔ Example: Access to jobs enhances economic opportunities.
Right to Freedom of Religion ➔ Example: Enables travel for religious pilgrimages.
Right to Education ➔ Example: Movement allows access to educational institutions.
Right to Freedom of Speech ➔ Example: Movement facilitates participation in public discussions.