Solution:
(i) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium Smelting

(ii) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc.?
(b) Electronic

Solution:
(i) Manufacturing is the process of transforming raw materials into finished goods through tools, labor, and machinery.

(ii) Basic industries are fundamental to the economy, providing essential materials. Example: Steel production.

Solution:
(i) Industries pollute the environment through various means, including air emissions, water discharge, and solid waste. Factories release harmful gases, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, contributing to air pollution and respiratory issues. Wastewater from manufacturing can contaminate rivers and lakes, harming aquatic life and drinking water sources. Solid waste, including plastics and chemicals, often ends up in landfills, contributing to soil and groundwater pollution. Additionally, industrial activities may lead to deforestation and habitat destruction, disrupting ecosystems.

(ii) To minimize environmental degradation, industries can adopt cleaner production methods, implement waste recycling, and use renewable energy sources. Regular environmental audits and compliance with regulations are essential. Investing in sustainable technologies and fostering a culture of environmental responsibility among employees also play critical roles in reducing pollution.

Solution:
(i) Power
(ii) Workers
(iii) Market
(iv) Retailer
(v) Product
(vi) Manufacture
(vii) Pollution